DETERMINATION OF ULTIMATE FROM PROXIMATE COAL ANALYSIS
Frequently in the absence of a complete analysis of a coal the proximate analysis of coal is done . In such cases a very close approximation is done by a formula provided by "GERBHARDT'.
Fixed carbon (F.C % by wt-moisture and ash free basis)
Volatile matter V by wt ( moisture and ash free basis)
Ash A by wt.
Moisture H2O ( imperial formula of water) by wt.
7.35
Hydrogen H= V ( ---------- -0.013 )
V+10
Nitrogen N = 0.07 V for anthracite and semi anthracite coal.
= 2.10 -0.012 V for Bituminous coal and lignite.
Total Carbon = Fixed carbon + Volatile carbon
=F.C. + 0.02V2 for anthracite
= F.C. + 0.9( V-10) for semi anthracite
= F.C. + 0.9 ( V-14) for Bituminous coal
= F.C. + 0.9 (V-18) for Lignite.
C = % of Total Carbon in the coal.
H,N and C as obtained from the equations are Moisture and Ash Free Basis.
Sulphur increases the value of C hence the calculated value of " C" is too high by practically the
sulphur content of the coal.
Oxygen - This is determined by the difference after obtaining the value of H,C, Ash, Moisture and
Nitrogen.
For further studies BS 1016 -- Methods of the analysis and testing of coal and coke.
BS 1017 -- Samples of coal and coke.
This analysis is some times required during commissioning stages when other instrument facilities and Lab was not developed. Therefore we thought to mention it in the beginning.
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